弹弓效应原理简析

ANALYSIS OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SLINGSHOT EFFECT

文章用速度变换和矢量图对"弹弓效应"的加速原因做出了较为简洁直观的解释,以关于"弹弓效应"的一个简例.分析"弹弓效应"中的加速条件,得出能使入射物体被加速的偏转角范围.与通常所采用的两体碰撞理论相比较,此方法更能凸显"弹弓效应"的加速机理,且能有效避免冗繁的数学运算.将"弹弓效应"与粒子散射问题对照分析,得出两者之间的可类比性.因而可由散射问题中的散射角关于瞄准距离的公式类比推出"弹弓效应"中偏转角与瞄准距离之间的关系.文章还将"弹弓效应"的思想推广到了一般尺度上的两体问题.

The ＂slingshot effect＂ was explained using the concept of velocity transformation and vector diagrams, a simple example was analyzed. The acceleration condition in ＂slingshot effect＂ was analyzed, the range of deflection angle in which the incident body can be acceler- ated was found out. Compared with the normal two-body collision theory, this method gives prominence to the acceleration mechanism of ＂slingshot effect＂, and effectively avoids the complicated mathematical calculations. The ＂slingshot effect＂ was compared with the scatter- ing of particle problem, which shows that they have analogical physical mechanisms. Thus the relationship between deflection angle and projection distance in ＂slingshot effect＂ can be ob- tained by comparing it with scattering particle theory. These methods are simpler and more in- tuitive than the related literatures. The two-body problem on macro scale in the concept of ＂slingshot effect＂ was also generalized to end.