美军新一轮卫生体制改革进展及启示

Analysis of U. S. military health system reform

为了缓解医疗费用的不断增长,提高管理效率,美军于2013年10月正式开始实施新一轮卫生体制改革。这是美军卫生系统历史上规模最大的一次组织结构调整,其核心内容是成立全军统一的卫生管理机构——国防卫生局,并加快推进多军种联合的区域一体化医疗保障模式改革,预计于2015年底完成预期改革目标。该文从此次改革的背景入手,分析其改革前后卫生系统组织结构与管理机制的主要变化和改革原因,并提出对我军卫生体制改革的启示。

To curb the increase in health care costs and improve government efficiency , a series of structural and governance reforms for U.S.Military Health System（MHS） were implemented, which is the biggest structural organizational change in the MHS′s history.The reform focusing on the establishment of Defense Health Agency （ DHA） and enhancement of multi-service markets will achieve its goal by the end of 2015.This paper analyzes the major reasons for the reform and changes of the U.S.MHS before and after the reform and offer some tips for the reform of the Chinese Military Health System .