龟兹石窟“解脱观”研究——以“无余涅槃”图像为中心

Research in View of Moksha in Qiuci Grotto——Image of “Nirupadhisesa-nirvana” as a Center

佛教解脱观是离开生死的延续,脱离业力轮回的痛苦,进入不生不灭的寂静境界。佛教的解脱观是以无我思想为基础而开展出来的,其理论与实践都在不断发展与完善。解脱是佛教的终极目标,而涅槃是解脱的最高境界。龟兹石窟的涅槃题材非常丰富,尤以克孜尔石窟最齐全。文本较为系统地梳理了龟兹石窟以"无余涅槃"图像为中心的涅槃系列题材图像,揭示了说一切有部的解脱观。

Buddhist Moksha is the continuation of departure from life and death, separation from pain of Karma Reincarnation and entry into still realm of neither dying nor being born. Buddhist Moksha grows out of Anatman,whose theory and practice are constantly improved. Moksha is the ultimate aim of Buddhism and Nirvana is the top state of Moksha. The Nirvana subject of Qiuci grotto is in great variety,particularly the Kizil grotto in most complete set. The essay systematically combs through Nirvana-subject images highlighted by＂Nirupadhisesa-nirvana image.