下肢力量与负荷后恢复时间对后激活增强效应的影响

Influence of Lower Extremity Strength and Recovery Time After Load Training on Postactivation Potentiation

目的:探讨恢复时间和力量素质对后激活增强效应(postactivation potentiation,简称PAP)效果的影响。方法:受试者为23名体育大学体能班男生,根据受试者1 RM/体重数值分组,1 RM/体重>2为L组,≤2为S组。使用90%1 RM重复5次间歇1 min为PAP诱导强度,PAP诱导前以及诱导后每4 min采集受试者下蹲跳(CMJ)相关指标:高度、峰值功率、峰值冲量、峰值力量变化率(RFD)。使用重复测量单因素方差分析的方法分析恢复时间是否对各指标存在影响。使用多元方差分析比较下肢力量对各指标的影响。显著性定义为一类误差概率小于0.05。结果:恢复时间对PAP效果存在显著影响,体现在峰值功率上(P<0.05),诱导后4 min和8 min时峰值功率显著高于基础值(P<0.008),其他指标均无显著变化(P>0.05)。L组与S组间无显著差异。结论:90%1 RM重复5次间歇1 min的负重半蹲后4 min和8 min时爆发力有所提高。下肢相对力量对PAP效果并没有影响。PAP对下肢爆发力的增强效果存在较大的个体差异。

Purpose：The aim of this study was to determine the effect of recovery time and strength quality on postaetivation potentiation （PAP）. Methods ：Twenty three male college students were recruited and divided into L group （ 1 RM / body weight 〉 2） and S group （ 1 RM/body weight ≤ 2）. PAP was induced by half back-squat of five repetitions at 90% 1 RM with 1 min interval. Jumping height, peak power, peak impulse, and peak strengthen were measured every 4 min before and after PAP. The effect of recovery time on these parameters was analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA, and the effect of lower extremity strength on these parameters was analyzed by multiva- riate analysis of variance. Results ： The effect of recovery time on PAP is significant. But only peak power at 4 min and 8 min after PAP was higher than that at baseline （Ps 〈 0.01 ） , other parameters didn＇t change （Ps 〉 0. 05 ） . There was no difference between L and S groups. Conclusions ： Explosive force is improved at 4 rain and 8 min af- ter half back-squat of five repetitions at 90% 1 RM with 1 min interval. Lower extremity strength doesn＇t affect PAP. The improvement of explosive force of lower extremity has individual difference.