不同强度游泳训练对雄性小鼠生精能力的影响

Effect of Different Intensity Swimming on Spermatogenic Ability of Male Mice

目的:观察不同强度长期游泳训练对雄性小鼠生殖系统生精能力的影响及意义。方法:将雄性实验小鼠随机分为普通强度训练组、高强度训练组和正常对照组。各训练组按照设计的游泳训练方案进行运动训练,正常对照组常规饲养。训练周期结束后,各组小鼠进行激素测定、生化指标、睾丸指数、精子质量检测和生精小管形态学观测,综合评价生精能力。结果:与正常对照组相比较:普通强度训练组睾丸组织SOD含量下降、NOS含量升高,精子存活率下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),高强度训练组血清T水平下降、睾丸组织SOD含量下降、MDA含量上升、NO和NOS含量上升、精子存活率下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与普通强度训练组相比较:高强度训练组睾丸组织NO和NOS含量上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。光镜下观察发现,正常对照组睾丸生精小管间紧凑,间质组织丰富,生精小管边界完整、无萎缩或塌陷,生精细胞之间排列紧密,上皮层次清晰,支持细胞清晰可见,管腔中有较多已分化成熟的精子;普通强度训练组,间质组织和生精小管与正常对照组差异不明显,没有明显的组织病变特征;高强度训练组,生精小管上皮次级精母细胞层数略有减少,精子细胞数目相对减少。结论:高强度长期游泳训练可导致实验小鼠体内激素水平改变和相关生化指标改变,从而造成雄性小鼠精子质量的下降;普通强度长时间游泳训练对雄性实验小鼠血清相关激素水平、睾丸组织生化酶类及发育情况和精子质量产生一定的影响。

Objective： This study aimed at observing the effect and meaning of long-term swimming training with different intensity on the spermatogenic ability of male mice. Methods： Male mice were randomly divided into normal intensity training group,high intensity training group and blank control group. All training groups underwent designed swimming training plan while blank control group wasn＇t. After training cycle,mice＇s hormone was tested,biochemical index,testis index,sperm quality were measured,tubules shape was observed,and spermatogenic ability was evaluated comprehensively. Results： Compared with control group,SOD in testicular tissue of normal intensity training group decreased while NOS increased,sperm motility rate decreased（ Ps 〈0. 05）,but in high intensity training group,serum T and SOD in testicular tissue decreased,MAD,NO and NOD increased,sperm motility rate decreased（ Ps〈 0. 05）. In normal control group,seminiferous tubules arranged compactly and the shape was clear,interstitial tissue was rich,spermatogenic cells were compactly arranged,the layer of epithelial cells was clear,supporting cells were observed,and many mature sperms existed in tubules. Compared with control group,there were no differences of seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissue in normal intensity training group. In high intensity training group,epithelial secondary spermatocyte layers of seminiferous tubules decreased,and the sperm number was smaller. Conclusions： Long-term high intensity swimming training affects hormone level and biochemical index,which lead to the decrease of sperm quality in male mice. Long-term normal intensity swimming training also affects hormone level,enzymes,testicular tissue development and sperm quality.