产妇产后慢性腰背痛发病率和风险因素

Prevalence and risk factors of chronic low back pain in puerperas after childbirth

目的 观察产妇产后慢性腰背痛发病率和风险因素.方法 选择产妇881例,其中剖宫产459例,顺产422例.记录产妇年龄、身高、体质量、新生儿体质量、术前腰背痛病史、生育次数及分娩方式,电话回访记录产妇1个月内发生且持续了3个月的腰背痛.将组间比较差异有统计学意义的因素行Logistic回归分析,筛选出产后慢性腰背痛的危险因素.结果 259例（259/881,29.4％）产妇发生了慢性腰背痛,其中157例（157/459,34.2％）剖宫产产妇发生了慢性腰背痛;102例（102/422,24.2％）顺产产妇发生J了慢性腰背痛,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.01）.658例产妇术前无腰背痛病史,150例（150/658,22.8％）产妇新发慢性腰背痛.Logistic回归分析结果显示,分娩方式、生育次数、术前腰背痛病史是产妇产后慢性腰背痛的风险因素.结论 产妇产后慢性腰背痛发生率为29.4％,新发慢性腰背痛为22.8％;剖宫产、多次生育、术前腰背痛病史是产妇慢性腰背痛的风险因素.

Objective To observe the prevalence and risk factors of chronic low back pain in puerperas after childbirth.Methods Eight hundred and eighty-one puerperas were selected,among whom 459 cases had uterine-incision delivery,and 422 cases had spontaneous delivery.The age,height and weight of pregnant women,birth weight of newborn,history of preoperative low back pain,parity and mode of delivery were recorded.The rate of chronic low back pain occurring within 1 month after childbirth and continuing for 3 months was recorded by telephone.The factors with P values less than 0.05 would enter the Logistic regression analysis to screen the risk factors of chronic low back pain.Results Two hundred and fifty-nine puerperas （259/881,29.4％） appeared chronic low back pain,of whom 157 puerperas （157/459,34.2％）delivered by uterine-incision and 102 puerperas （102/422,24.2％） delivered spontaneously,and the difference was statistically significant （P ＜ 0.01）.Six hundred and fifty-eight puerperas had no history of preoperative low back pain,and 150 puerperas （150/658,22.8％） appeared newly developed chronic low back pain.Logistic regression analysis showed that mode of delivery,parity and history of preoperative low back pain were the risk factors of chronic low back pain.Condusions The rate of chronic low back pain in puerperas after childbirth is 29.4％,and the newly developed chronic low back pain is 22.8％.Uterineincision delivery,multiparity and history of preoperative low back pain are the risk factors of chronic low back pain for puerperas after childbirth.