枣园土壤中几种矿质元素含量的变化

Several Element Content in Orchard Soil of Jujube

[目的]针对枣园土壤矿质元素含量及变化规律的研究,为枣树优质生产、合理施肥提供理论依据。[方法]使用原子吸收分光光度法对土壤中有效钙、镁、铁、锌、锰、铜的含量进行测定,用碱扩散法对土壤中有效氮进行测定,用钼锑抗比色法对土壤中有效磷进行测定,用NH4OAC浸提火焰光度计法对速效钾进行测定。[结果]不同土层土壤内矿质元素含量有所不同,枣园2040 cm土层中矿质元素含量变化较020 cm的相对平稳、幅度小。枣园土壤中N含量峰变时期主要在79月,此时土壤内N含量表现为下降状态;P、Ca元素含量峰变时期主要在8、9月,在这段时间土壤中的P、Ca含量表现为上升趋势;K、Mg、Cu含量基本不变;Zn、Fe、Mn含量呈现出有峰有谷的变化趋势。[结论]根据需求合理的进行肥料配置,有针对性地进行施肥,才能真正达到平衡施肥,保证树体营养供应的目的。

[Objective]The mineral elements content of soil in jujube orchard and its change law were studied to provide a theoretical basis for the quality production and rational fertilization of jujube tree. [Method]Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was applied to measure the available calcium,magnesium,iron,zinc,manganese and copper contents in soil. Alkali-hydrolyzed reduction diffusing method was adopted to measure the available nitrogen in soil,Mo-Sb colorimetric method was used to measure the available phosphorus in soil,and the rapidly available potassium in soil was measured by NH4 OAC digestion flare photometer. [Result] Mineral elements contents in different soil layers were different,and the mineral elements content in the layer of 20- 40 cm soil was relatively stable and with small amplitude compared with the layer of 0- 20 cm. The peak variation period of N content in jujube orchard soil was mainly from July to September,and N content during this time was decreasing. The peak variation period of P and Ca contents in jujube orchard soil was mainly from August to September,and P and Ca contents during this time were increasing. K,Mg and Cu content were substantially the same. Zn,Fe and Mn contents showed both peaks and valleys. [Conclusion] The fertilizer should be distributed reasonably based on the demands. Only through the targeted fertilization,the balanced fertilization should be really achieved so as to guarantee the purpose of trees nutrition supply.