选举观察的制度引入与基层选举监督的创新路径——基于村委会选举观察员制度运行的分析

Introduction of Electoral Observation System and Innovation of Basic Level Election Supervision——Based on the Analysis on the Operation of the Village Committee Electoral Observer System

国内村委会选举观察员制度运行的成效和问题为选举观察制度的普遍引入提供了发展方向和问题警示。总结国内村委会选举观察员制度运行的得失,认为当今我国基层民主监督在理论与实践上的双重弱化状态和地方政治发展的实际需要是选举观察制度引入的基本条件,公众和媒体的参与、专家学者的推动等多重社会力量是促使选举观察制度运行的动力。选举观察制度的法制建设、政府部门的相对淡出、民间观察的介入与激励是选举观察制度完善与基层选举监督创新的基本路径。

The effect and problem of village committee electoral observation in China provided development direction and prob- lem warning to introduce the electoral observation system.Bases on the summary of success and failure of china＇s village com- mittee electoral observation, the results concluded that the weakness both on theory and on practice of democratic supervision in basic elections,as well as the demands for local political development are the basic conditions for introducing the electoral ob- servation systenx The public and media participation, suggestions from specialists and scholars and other major factors are its driving force. The construction of legal system, the government＇s fade-out from electoral system, as well as intervention and incentive of civil observation are the basic mechanisms to promote election observation and innovation of basic level election supervision.