论南京国民政府时期的社会动员:以新桂系政权为个案

On Social Mobilization duringNanjing National Government Period:Taking New Guangxi Clique as a Case

20世纪三四十年代广西地方政府利用国家和社会两方面的力量,使国家的社会动员能力和控制能力依靠强大的行政网络得到了极大加强。抗战时期广西所出动的人力物力奠定了广西"模范省"的地位,但是这时期的社会动员是依靠政府的权力和体制上的权威而建立的,社会与地方政府之间的关系呈现显性的依附和隐性的抗拒。在社会动员能力的扩张下,政府汲取社会资源的体制不可遏制的膨胀造成了强大社会动员力下社会负担和社会成本的加剧,最终增强了地方社会的离心力,使地方社会难以整合。

Guangxi local government made effective use of the national and social power in 1930sand1940 s,and dramatically strengthened the country＇s social mobilization ability and control ability with the help of the powerful administrative network.During the Anti-Japanese War,Guangxi supplied massive manpower and material resources,which established the status of Guangxi as a ＂Model Province＂.However,this kind of social mobilization was based on the government power and institutional authority.The relationship between society and local government presented overt attachment and covert resistance.Because of the expansion of powerful social mobilization ability and the unstoppable expansion of the resources absorption institution,the social burden and costs intensified sharply,eventually leading to an increasing centrifugal force of local society,and bringing about destruction to the unity of local society.