不同强度耐力运动对大鼠动脉粥样硬化形成过程中血管eNOS/NO、HO-1/CO系统调节作用研究

Research on Changes of Vascular eNOS/NO,HO-1/CO Systems for the Process of Atherosclerosis Forming after Different Intensities Endurance Exercise in Rats

目的初步探讨不同强度的长期耐力运动对e NOS/NO、HO-1/CO系统水平的调节作用及其与抗动脉粥样硬化(AS)形成作用的关系。方法雄性SD大鼠40只,随机分为普通饮食对照组(C组),高脂饮食对照组(H组)及高脂饮食大强度运动组(Hh组)、高脂饮食中强度运动组(Hm组)、高脂饮食低强度运动组(Hl组),H组及Hh组、Hm组、Hl组均以高脂饲料喂养,同时Hh组、Hm组、Hl组予以相应强度的长期耐力运动干预。14周后,观察大鼠主动脉结构变化并计算粥样斑块面积;检测血管e NOS、HO-1蛋白量水平及其相应产物NO、CO含量,检测活性氧代谢产物MDA水平;检测血脂代谢水平,计算动脉硬化指数。结果高脂饲料喂养的各组大鼠主动脉出现不同程度AS病变,血管e NOS/NO及HO-1/CO系统水平不同程度下降及升高,血脂代谢、动脉硬化指数出现不同程度异常变化,且血管MDA含量不同程度升高;但上述异常变化均以Hm组、Hl组最轻。结论长期高脂饮食喂养可引起大鼠AS病变,这与e NOS/NO系统水平不足有关,而HO-1/CO系统水平增加可一定程度上弥补e NOS/NO系统功能不足。中、低强度耐力运动可改善血脂代谢,下调动脉硬化指数以及血管氧化应激水平,从而缓解e NOS/NO水平的下降程度,发挥抗AS形成功效;HO-1/CO系统水平下降可作为运动抗AS形成的一个良性信号。建议采用耐力运动抗AS形成的运动强度不宜过大。

Objective To discusse the effects of long - term different intensityon endurance exercise for eNOS/NO, HO - 1/CO levels , and its relationship with AS. Methods 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal diet control group （ C）, high fat diet control group （H） , high fat diet and high intensity exercise group （l-Ih）, high fat diet and moderate intensity exercise group （ Hm）, high fat diet and low intensity exercise group （ Hl group）. Group H and group Hh, Hm, Hl were fed with high fat diet, and were intervented by corresponding intensity endurance exercise at the same time. After 14 weeks, ob- serving the changes of aortic structures and calculating the AS plaque area in rats. To test the levels of vascular eNOS, HO - 1 protein and its corresponding products for NO, CO contents. Testing level of reactive oxygen metabolites for MDA, and tes- ting metabolic changes of blood - lipid and calculating arterial stiffness index. Results aorta appeared different degree AS le- sions with high fat diet in rats. The levels of vascular eNOS/NO and HO - 1/CO systems show different degrees decrease, and metabolic of blood - lipid ＆ arterial stiffness index show abnormalities different degrees variety, and vascular MDA con- tent also show increase at different degree; however, these changes are the slightest in group Hm, Hl. Conclusions Long term high fat diet can induce AS lesions in rats , and what about with decrease of eNOS/NO level. To some extent, increase of HO - 1/CO level can make up for the insufficiency of eNOS/NO system. Moderate intensity, low intensity endurance exercise can improve metabolic of blood - lipid, reduce arterial stiffness index and vascular oxidative stress, so as to relieve the de-crease degree of eNOS/NO level, and play anti AS effect. The decline of HO - 1/C0 system level can be used as a benign signal anti AS formation. If recommended endurance exercise anti AS formation, intensity of exercise should not be too lar- ger.