后2015时期的全球可持续发展治理与中国参与战略

Post-2015 Global Governance for Sustainable Development and China's Strategy

"里约+20"开启了新一轮全球可持续发展治理改革进程。从趋势看,未来的全球可持续发展治理将可能以"一组目标、四大机制"为主体,也即"2015年后发展议程"。一组目标是指全球可持续发展目标,四大机制是指"政府间高级别政治论坛"、"全球可持续发展态势评估机制"、以及有利于可持续发展的"技术创新与转让机制"、"资金筹集机制"。这一系列变革将对全球可持续发展产生重要影响,主要体现在三个方面,即有利于全球走出"气候变化泥潭"、有利于全球治理朝更加公平的方向发展和有利于促进全球发展合作。全球可持续发展治理变革也将对中国的发展产生深远影响,利弊兼有。有利的方面主要体现在有利于中国开展对外合作,不利的方面主要体现在中国将面临来自国际社会的"三重压力"。面对全新的发展机遇与挑战,中国应重点从三个方面进行布局:一是把"2015年后发展议程"作为中国与联合国互动的平台,促进中国与世界的发展合作;二是在发展合作的内容上,形成"软、硬"合作并重的格局;三是围绕实现"2015年后发展议程"建立以中国为主导的区域性乃至全球性伙伴关系。

＇Rio ＋ 20＇ Summit opened a new round of reform process of the global sustainable development governance （GSDG）. Framework of GSDG in the future will be likely ＇ a set of goals together with four mechanisms＇, namely the Post-2015 Development Agenda （Post-MDGs）. A set of goals is sustainable development goals, and four mechanisms refer to ＇intergovernmental high-level political forum＇, ＇global sustainable development assessment mechanism＇, ＇technical innovation and transfer mechanism＇, and ＇financing mechanism＇. GSDG reform will have significant impacts on global sustainable development and mainly embodied in three aspects ： （1） It is conducive the global sustainable development out of ＇ climate change trap＇ ; （2） It is beneficial for promoting global governance more equitable and reasonable; （3） It is helpful for promoting global development cooperation. GSDG reform will also have a profound influence on China＇ s development. The advantageous aspect is mainly reflected in favor of developing cooperation between China and the world, especially South-South cooperation. The unfavorable aspects are mainly embodied that China might face ＇ triple heavy pressure＇ imposed by the international community. Addressing the new international development challenges, China should adopt three strategic measures as follows： （1） To take the Post-MDGs as interactive platform between China and the United Nation and by which promote development cooperation between China and the world;（2） To pay equal attention to ＇soft＇ and ＇hard＇ cooperation and improve international influence of China＇ s development philosophy; （3） To establish regional and global partnerships dominated by China around the implementation of Post-MDGs and improve China＇ s voice in rule-making of regional and global development.