生产建设项目水土流失影响等级划分

Influence Grades of Soil and Water Loss Resulted by Production and Constrction Projects

[目的]研究生产建设项目水土流失影响等级,为生产建设项目全新分类管理模式的建立提供基础依据。[方法]从全国8个水土保持区划一级区31类生产建设项目中筛选出2 227个项目,采用专家咨询法和模糊聚类分析法,将各项目划分为5个等级:1级为轻微程度水土流失危害、2级为较轻微程度水土流失危害、3级为一般程度水土流失危害、4级为严重程度水土流失危害、5级为极严重程度水土流失危害。[结果]在研究中涉及到的行业类别中,水土流失危害程度如下:公路行业、铁路行业、露天矿工程、林浆纸一体化工程属于5级;机场工程、核电站工程、水利枢纽工程、水电站工程、工业园项目工程属于4级;涉水交通行业、风电行业、引调水工程、井采矿工程、油气开采工程、轨道交通工程、农林开发工程、火电行业属于3级;灌区工程、堤防工程、蓄滞洪区工程、其他小型水利工程、油气储存与加工工程、管网工程、加工制造行业、输变电工程属于2级;房地产工程、其他类城建工程、社会事业、信息产业、其他行业属于1级。[结论]由于本研究水土保持分类研究数据来源可靠,因此所划分的生产建设项目水土流失影响等级可以较为准确地反映各行业的水土流失潜在危险。

[Objective]To analyzed the grades of the influence of production and constuuction projects on soil and water loss in order to provide a basis for developing an innovation management mode.[Methods]The2 227 projects were selected from 31 production and constuuction project types.The projects were divided into 5grades such as the 1st grade（milder soil and water loss）,the 2nd grade（mild soil and water loss）,the3 rd grade（moderate soil and water loss）,the 4th grade（severe soil and water loss）and the 5th grade（extremely severe soil and water loss）according to the consultation with specialists and fuzzy cluster analysis.[Results]The category of the industry involved showed different grades：highway,railway,strip mine project,forest-paper integration project belongs to the 5th grade;airport engineering,nuclear power plant engineering,hydro-junction projects,water conservancy hub project,hydropower engineering,industrial park project belongs to the 4th grade;water-transportation industry,wind power industry,water diversion engineering,mining engineering,oil and gas exploitation engineering,rail transit engineering,development engineering in agriculture,forestry,thermal power industry belongs to the 3rd grade;irrigation projects,embankment engineering,storage-flood area,other small water conservancy engineering,oil and gas storage and processing engineering,network engineering,manufacturing industry,power transmission and transfor-mation project belongs to the 2nd grade;real estate project,other urban construction,social undertakings,information industry and other industry belongs to the 1st grade.[Conclusion]Because the data collection of the influence of projects on soil and water loss is reliable,the divided influence grades of soil and water loss can accurately reflect the potential risk of soil and water loss for different industries.