东北黑土区埂带植物树莓栽培技术及其水土保持效益

Cultivation of Raspberries on Earth Bank and Its Benefits in Black Soil Region of Northeast China

[目的]分析树莓对土壤水分的影响及其水土保持和经济效益,为东北黑土区坡耕地水土流失综合治理提供新的水土保持埂带经济植物。[方法]在东北黑土区进行梯田埂和地埂栽植试验。[结果]树莓在埂带上具有良好的适应性,具有较好的保持土壤水分的作用。栽植第3a树莓小区土壤侵蚀量低于东北黑土区容许土壤流失量〔200t/(km2·a)〕,保水率达到86.6%以上。树梅在梯田埂上产值达17 200元/hm2,在地埂上产值达16 800元/hm2。[结论]树莓在埂带上水土保持效益显著,可以在东北黑土区埂带上栽植推广应用。

[Objective]To analyze the effect of soil moisture content of the raspberries and its soil and water conservation and economic benefits in order to provide a new kind of economic plant used in soil and water conservation for farmland comprehensive control of soil and water loss in the Northeast China.[Methods]The field experiment both in terrace and earth bank was carried out in the black soil region in Heilongjiang Province,Northeast China.[Results]The raspberries had good adaptability and capability of soil and water conservation.At the third year after raspberries were planted,the soil erosion was lower than 200t/（km^2·a）,the soil erosion tolerance in the black soil region of Northeast China.At the same time,the water-retention rate was as high as 86.6%,and the economic income of raspberries in terrace and earth bank respectively reached 17 200yuan/hm^2 and 16 800yuan/hm^2.[Conclusion]The raspberries had great benefit of soil and water conservation and should be recommended to plant in terrace and earth bank in the black soil region of Northeast China.