跨流域调水工程水源区生态补偿理论框架

Theoretical Framework for Ecological Compensation of Inter-basin Water Transfer Project

[目的]通过建立水源区生态补偿机制,改善水源区生态环境,促进水源区和受水区的可持续发展。[方法]在分析跨流域调水工程水源区生态补偿定义、必要性和原则的基础上,从跨流域调水工程水源区生态补偿行为主体确定、生态补偿量计算、生态补偿模式与途径选择等方面对水源区生态补偿理论框架进行研究。[结果]跨流域调水工程水源区生态补偿的核心在于回答"为什么要补偿?""谁给谁补偿?""补偿的内容是什么?""如何补偿?"等问题。水源区生态补偿的途径主要包括实物和资金补偿,项目和产业扶持,政策和技术支撑,智力服务等。[结论]跨流域调水工程生态补偿机制有助于协调水源区及受水区关系,推动生态保护共建机制,实现可持续发展,促进生态文明建设。

[Objective]Ecological compensation mechanism of water source area was established to improve the ecological environment and promote the sustainable development of the water source area and intake area.[Methods]Ecological compensation theoretical framework of inter-basin water transfer project was investigated based on the analysis of the definition,necessity and principles of ecological compensation,which included the connotations,the identification of behavior subjects,the calculation of ecological compensation quantity,ecological compensation models and approaches for ecological compensation.[Results]The core of interbasin water transfer project for ecological compensation of water source area was to answer the questions：（1）Why to compensate？（2）Who compensate to whom？（3）What was the content of compensation？（4）How to compensate？Main forest ecological compensation ways mainly include physical and financial compensation,projects and industrial assist,policy and technical support,and intelligence serivices.[Conclusion]The ecological compensation mechanism of inter-basin water transfer project is of great importance to coordinate the relationships between water source area and intake area,to promote ecological protection mechanism and sustainable development,which should be beneficial to ecological civilization construction.