北京市寺庙常用植物文化内涵初探

Preliminary Study of Cultural Connotation of Common Plantin Beijing Temple

寺庙园林是中国三大园林之一。通过对北京市13个寺庙园林植物应用的实地调查和文献查阅,揭示北京地区寺庙园林常用植物类型,分析寺庙园林植物的相对使用频率,总结植物本身和人为赋予的文化内涵。通过调查首先得出北京寺庙园林的常用植物包括:乔木类、灌木类和其他类型。调查发现寺庙园林共有100多种常用植物,其中乔木种类平均每个寺庙在15种左右,灌木树种平均为10种左右,而其他种类的植物应用较少,平均为4.8种。同时对主要应用植物从生态习性、文学典故和具体应用进行文化内涵解析。这不仅对北京地区当代寺庙园林植物配置的恢复和改造具有指导意义,而且可为今后新建寺庙园林植物景观营造提供参考。

Temple garden is one of the three gardens in China. Through thefield surveying and theliterature reviewingofthe application of landscape plants in13Beijingtemples, toreveal the temple garden plant types commonly used in the Beijing area,to relatively analyse theuseing frequeceofthetemple garden plants, to givethe cultureby the plant itself and human. By the survey weconcluded that Beijing temple garden plants commonly used include： trees, shrubs and other types. Survey found that there were a total of more than 100 kinds of common plant temple gardens,including tree species per temple in 15 or so,averaged 10 species of shrub tree species,and other types of plant used less,with an average of 4.8. At the same time we analysed the cultural connotation of the plant forplant ecological habits,literary allusions and main applications. This studynot only has guiding significance for the restoration and reconstruction of garden plant configuration to contemporary temples in Beijing,and provides effective reference to theplant landscape construction of the new temple gardenin the future.