《老残游记》中的“为”字研究

The Study of the Word “Wei(为) ”in The Travels of Lao Can

《老残游记》中"为"字用法共259例,其中动词72例,占27.8%;介词41例,占15.8%;副词5例,占1.9%;助词34例,占13.1%;连词5例,占1.9%,做语素构成连词"因为"有27例,占10.4%;凝固结构共75例,占29%。可见,作动词和构成凝固结构是其主要用法,此外还有相当比例的介词和助词用法。比较分析可以勾勒"为"字用法的历时变化情况,反映语言演变的规律。

In “The Travels of Lao Can”, there are 259 usages of the word “wei （为）”.Among the 259 ones, there are 72 verbs which counts for 27.8%, 41 prepositions counting for 15.8%, 5 adverbs counting for 1. 9%, 34 auxiliary words counting for 13 .1%, 5 conjunctions counting for 1 .9%;it is also used as a morpheme to form 27 conjunctions meaning “because”, which counts for 10 .4%, and form 75 solidified structures , which counts for 29%.It is seen that the word “wei （为）” is mainly used as a verb and to form solidified structures .In addition , the usage as a preposition and a auxiliary counts for considerable proportions .Comparative analysis can draw the outline of the diachronic changes of the usage of the word “wei （为）”, and reflect the law of the evolution of language .