工业化中后期海归人才回国创业的制度支持

The Institutional Support for Overseas Returnees' Entrepreneurship in the Late Industrialization Era

进入工业化中后期,实施从招商引资到招才引智的战略变迁,招揽吸引本国海归人才回国创业,是许多后起国家或地区利用外部技术提升自身技术创新水平和能力的基本路径。当前我国各地区招才引智主要存在重政府主导轻市场运作、重政策优惠轻环境营造、重人才引进轻管理服务、重单枪匹马轻网络整合的问题。支持海归人才回国创业,当前迫切需要从根本上解决海归人才回国创业的体制问题,构建规范有序竞争公平的市场环境,努力形成各具特色的产业创新网络,创新产学研合作的组织模式,着力培养尊重知识人才、不断学习创新的文化氛围,从而营造一种有利于海归人才创业成长的制度环境。

In the late industrialization era, it is a basic route for many emerging developing countries or regions to improve their technology innovation level and competence and to take advantage of external technology shifting from inviting investments to attracting talents, especially overseas returnees to start their domestic business. Currently, in talents attracting, the major problems of many regions in China are： emphasizing government dominating rather than market operating, emphasizing policies preferential rather than environment constructing, emphasizing talents inviting rather than management and service, emphasizing individuals rather than network integrating. To support overseas returnees＇ entrepreneurship, the institutional problem should be urgently and fundamentally solved： a market environment featured with standardized order and fair play should be established; industrial innovation networks with respective unique characteristics should be formed; the organizational mode among enterprises, universities and research institutes should be innovated, and great effort should be paid into nourishing a cultural atmosphere of respecting intellectual talent and learning to be innovative, thus to create an institutional environment which is propitious to the development of overseas returnees＇ entrepreneurship.