资本逻辑下的民主幻象——以美国民主选举制下的政治献金问题为视角

Ilusion of Democracy Confined to the Realm of Capital——An Analysis from the Perspective of Political Contributions Under American Democratic Electoral System

民主选举构成了西方民主制度的重要环节和保障,认识西方政治制度对建立和发展社会主义民主制度具有重要意义。美国两大政党之间的斗争决定着美国的政策,其竞选纲领必然深刻影响到利益集团的利益和公民的选票,金钱与民主的博弈从未间断。一方面,政治献金支撑了民主选举的运作,是民主制运行的必要条件;另一方面,其与权钱交易和腐败之间暧昧不明的联系,又使得民主政治的运行和发展遭遇挫折。资本作为一种能够自行增殖的、带来剩余价值的价值,在资本主义民主制度中成为不可或缺的润滑剂。西方民主选举制始终处在资本的逻辑范畴之内,注定无法成为大多数人的民主,也就不可能实现大多数人的解放和自由。

Democratic elections constitute an important part of the Western democratic system and security,and knowledge on western political system is of great importance to the establishment and advancement of socialist democratic system.Struggles between the two parties determine the policy of United States,and the adopted guiding principles undoubtedly produce a profound effect on interest groups and ordinary voters.Evidently,it is either capital or democracy that might win the tug of war.Political contributions as capital support elections,on one hand,and are a major requisite for the operation of political system;on the other hand,due to its ambiguous relationship with power-for-money deals and corruption,they stand in the way of the operation and development of democracy.Capital,as a type of self-expanding and surplus-producing value,is an indispensible lubricant in the advancement of capitalist democratic system.Therefore,western electoral democracy confined to the realm of capital determines that it is impossible to achieve the aim of democracy of the majority,not to mention the liberation and freedom of the majority.