文学研究中文化批评的底线

The Bottom Line of Cultural Criticism in Literature Study

当今文学研究中的文化批评成为了一种显学,除了它的具体的研究方法完全不同于20世纪初的内部研究的理路之外,它冲击了学科研究对象的认定,其所关注的方面基本不是文学中的审美的问题,而是文学的意识形态诉求、文学传达中的传媒的权力介入、审美活动中的文化关系等议题。而这样一些问题在文学研究中可能会影响到文学自身的考量,因此理所当然就会有文化批评离传统的文学研究距离的底线,即在什么限度以内才可以的问题。从审美、意识形态和文学观念三个方面来进行了梳理,可以说明各方面可能具有的基本限度。

Cultural criticism in literature study has become prosperous. Its research method is completely different from the one, at the beginning of twentieth Century, which concentrates on internal research. It questions the definition of research object, for it focuses not on the aesthetic aspects of literature, but issues as the ideological appeal of literature, the power intervention of media in literary communication, cultural relations in the aesthetic activities, etc. Since such problems may affect the literary consideration in literature study, there would be such problem as the bottom line of the distance between cultural criticism and traditional literary studies what is the limit. This paper analyzes from the aspects of aesthetics, ideology, and literary concepts, in order to explain the potential basic limits respectively.