重提旧案评“复古”——李梦阳、何景明复古理论与创作的高下得失

The Gain and Loss of Li Mengyang and He Jingming's Revivalistic Theory and Creation

自1958年掀起反对厚古薄今的浪潮,直至"文革"结束,明代的"复古派"被某些人彻底否定,这是学术上的冤案。重提旧案,意在进一步深入研究,揭示这个名为"复古"而旨在创新的文学流派的领袖人物,除在理论上曾有过极端化的谬误、创作上也曾因拟古而误入歧途的案例外,其主流是具有现实主义精神的,能直面人生,有强烈的使命感与忧患意识。既同情人民疾苦,更敢于揭露昏暴之君和宦官权贵集团的罪行恶德,予以尖锐的批判,而对在卫国战争中立有战功的将领热情歌颂,名篇佳什不少。总的来说,理论上何景明比李梦阳略胜一筹,但李晚年在理论上的建树也不可忽视,他在创作上尤为丰富多彩;何景明英年早逝,影响其创作取得更高的成就。

It was a gross injustice that the revivalism in Ming Dynasty had been completely denied by some scholars when academia turned to deny the trend which esteemed the past over the present in 1958. As a retrospect on that movement, this paper aims to research further to reveal that the leaders of this literary school which used to be regarded revivalistic actually had courage to face harsh reality and a strong sense of mission and crisis in spite of some theoretical fallacy and extreme arguments. TThey not only showed sympathy for people＇s sufferings but also exposed tyrants and the eunuchs＇abuse of power. Besides, they created a lot of good works with passion for those brave defenders of the Great Patriotic War. In general, He Jingming did a little bit better than Li Mengyang in terms of theory, but Li Mengyang had more outstanding theoretical achievements in his later years and his creation was full of variety and He Jingming couldn＇t gain better achievements because of his early death.