当代汉语文学书写的语言困境——从顾彬对当代中国文学的批评说起

The Language Plight of Contemporary Chinese Literature: On Kubin's Criticism of Contemporary Chinese Literature

"汉语书写"是一种过于笼统的称谓,当代的"汉语文学书写"实际上指的是"普通话"写作,而"普通话"书写与民国时代的"国语文学"书写是有着明显差别的。"国语文学"强调的是"国语"与"文学"的同步"创制","普通话"书写则在语音、语汇和语法等多重层面上为"文学"书写设定了明确的界限,文学因此成为了传达特定意识形态观念的载体,进而丧失了文学自身的活力。要使当代的文学书写走出困境,从"翻译语体"、多民族语言渗透,以及对古典汉语或方言的合理发掘等"间性"书写方式中获取启发,以重新激活汉语自身的潜在资源,也许是一条值得尝试的可行的途径。

＂Chinese Writing＂ is a general concept, ＂Chinese Contemporary Literature＂ really means ＂Putonghua＂ writing, which obviously differs from ＂Guoyu Literature＂ in the Republic of China. ＂Guoyu Literature＂ emphasized the synthesis of ＂Guoyu＂ and ＂Literature＂, while ＂Putonghua＂ writing drew a clear boundary of ＂literary writing＂ in terms of speech, vocabulary and grammar, so literature became a carrier of specific politic ideology and lost its own vitality. Gaining inspirations from interlanguage styles such as ＂translation style＂, multiracial language infiltration and exploration of classical language or dialect may become a potential way for contemporary Chinese literature to enlarge its expression and possibility.