皮脂腺囊肿反复感染患者的特征分析及护理干预

Characteristics analysis and nursing intervention of repeated sebaceous cyst infection

目的：探讨皮脂腺囊肿反复感染的特征及影响伤口愈合的原因,实施护理干预并评价效果。方法选择2013年2月—2014年2月期间在伤口护理中心就诊的38例反复发作、多次感染的皮脂腺囊肿患者,从人口学资料、生活习惯与饮食结构、发生部位、感染细菌类型等方面进行描述性分析,并采取相应的整体护理干预,随访6个月观察护理效果。结果38例患者中,年龄构成以18～30岁和〉50岁者偏多,男性占65.79%,发生部位多为臀部占44.73%；伤口感染以金黄色葡萄球菌感染为主,占71.05%；52.63%的患者血糖升高,47.37%的患者存在血脂偏高。采取均衡饮食指导、活动指导和局部伤口处理的整体护理干预,38例患者伤口全部愈合,愈合时间为（25.71±10.66）d,随访6个月均无再次复发。结论皮脂腺囊肿的反复发作与男性、生活方式不良、血糖和血脂异常有关。均衡饮食、适当活动、控制血糖血脂、因人而异的伤口护理方法有助于伤口愈合和控制复发。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and the effect of nursing invention on repeated sebaceous cyst infection. Methods 38 cases of repeated sebaceous cyst infection were selected from February 2013 to February 2014, and surveyed the demographic data, living habits and diet structure, location, primary disease control, local wound treatment and other aspects. They were given the nursing intervention for 6 months of follow up and observed the effects. Results Within the patients, most of them were at the age from 18 to 30 years old or over 50 years old. 65. 79% patients were male. The hip infection accounted for 44. 73% patients. Staphylococcus aureus infection accounted for 71. 05% patients. 52. 63% patients had hyperglycemia, and 47. 36% patients had dyslipidemia. The nursing intervention included dietary guidance, exercise instruction and local wound care nursing intervention. 38 patients all had the wound healed. The healing time were （25. 71 ± 10. 66） days and had no relapse within 6 months of follow up. Conclusions The relapse of sebaceous cyst infection was associated with male gender, inappropriate living habits, blood glucose and dyslipidemia. Balanced diet, appropriate activities, control of blood glucose and blood lipid, individualized wound care is helpful for wound healing and recurrence control.