中小型水库防洪减灾预报预警关键技术研究

Research on Key Technology of Flood Control Forecast and Early Warning for Small and Medium-Sized Reservoirs

通过对全国中小型水库防洪及预报预警技术现状进行分析,找出中小型水库防汛过程中的薄弱环节,研究提出了先进实用的预报预警技术解决方案。建立预报预警体系与机制,采用预报预警模型技术、报汛及智能监测技术、预报预警系统平台技术、系统运行效率及野外安全保障技术等构建中小型水库防洪减灾预报预警系统平台。预报预警系统包括手机报汛、模型管理、日常预报、洪水预报、同步预报、气象预警、超前预警和综合预警等功能。各项技术与功能均通过工程实践检验,其应用推动了中小水库管理由粗放式向科学化、系统化转变,提升了水库抗御洪水能力和预警水平,降低了溃坝风险。

Based on the present situation of flood control in small reservoirs in the country and the technique of forecasting and warning situa tion analysis,the paper found out the weak link in middle and small sized reservoir flood control in the process of research,put forward ad vanced prediction and early warning technology and practical solutions and captured a number of technical problems for years plagued the small and medium sized water base flood early warning. The key technology included forecast and early warning system and mechanism,pre diction and early warning model technology,alarm and intelligent monitoring technology,forecast platform technology early warning system,and the system running efficiency and field security technique. The successful application results had promoted the transformation of small and medium sized reservoir management system from extensive to scientific,systematic,improved reservoir resist flood ability and early warn ing level and reduced the risk of dam break.