离退休干部心理健康问题及其对策分析

Mental Health Problems and Countermeasures in Retired Cadres

目的了解中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所离退休干部生活和心理健康状况,为改善离退休干部服务质量提供依据。方法采用现况调查方法,对离退休干部采取无记名自填问卷方式开展调查。结果共发放问卷128份,回收118份问卷,问卷应答率为92.2%。118名离退休干部中,近40%与儿女在一起生活,约90%的人长期受疾病的困扰,70%的人以看电视为主要娱乐方式,87.3%总是担心或怀疑自己患病,24.6%的人平时总感到沮丧或郁闷,有35.6%的人感到孤独或寂寞,其中未与儿女生活一起的59.6%感到孤独或寂寞,远高于与儿女生活在一起的离退休干部(P<0.001)。结论离退休干部大部分生活单调,心理问题比较突出,需要加强和改进离退休干部服务管理工作,使他们保持健康、乐观的心态。

Objective To learn about the mental health status of the cadres in Institute of Environmental Health and Related Product Safety,China CDC,and to provide references for improving the service of retried cadres.Methods Questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate the retired cadres. Results A total of 128 questionnaires were distributed and 118 were recovered（ 92. 2%）. Of the 118 respondents,almost 40% lived with their children and 90% suffered long term diseases,70% of them watched TV for amusement,87. 3% always worried about potential disease,24. 6% always felt distressed and 35. 6% felt lonely. The proportion of those lived without children（ 59. 6%） was far higher than that those lived with their children（ P 0. 001）. Conclusion Most of the cadres are living a drab life and their mental health problems are obvious. Service and management work need to be strengthened to maintain them a healthy and optimistic mental status.