用于RWMS的旋磁式压电悬臂梁发电机

A Gyromagnetic Piezo-cantilever Generator Used for RWMS

为了满足列车轮对监测系统（railway wheelset monitoring system,简称RWMS）自供电需求,提出一种通过旋转磁铁非接触轴向激励悬臂梁压电振子构成的压电发电机（即旋磁式压电悬臂梁发电机）,介绍了其结构原理,研究了磁力（磁铁数量与配置方式）及其转速对发电机性能的影响。结果表明,在0~1 360r/min转速范围内存在多阶最佳转速,使发电机输出电压出现峰值。当压电悬臂梁端磁铁数固定,增加旋转磁铁数量时,各阶最佳转速值不变,但其所对应的电压增加。当转速为1 042.5r/min时,转盘同一位置安装2,4,8,12个磁铁所对应的最大电压分别为13.2,16.6,23.8,27.8V。当旋转磁铁数量固定、压电悬臂梁端部磁铁数量增加时,各阶最佳转速值降低,而其所对应的峰值电压增加。当转盘上安装2个磁铁,悬臂梁端安装1,3,5,7个磁铁时,第9阶最佳转速及电压分别为1 056.4,861.8,750.6,611.6r/min和13.2,34.4,48,64V。此外,其他参数确定时,1次激励所生成的电能（电压及其波形数量）还与转速有关,低转速（264.1r/min）时仅生成1个电压波形,而高转速（1 024.5r/min）时生成4个电压波形。

A gyromagnetic piezo-cantilever generator(GPG)is presented to meet the demand of the railway wheelset monitoring system(RWMS)for self-power.The influence of the magnetic force and rotating speed on GPG energy generation,in terms of the number and configuration of the magnets,is experimentally investigated.The results show that there are 9optimal rotating speeds for the GPG to achieve peak voltages in the speed range of 0~1 360r/min.The increasing number of rotating magnets exerts no influence on optimal rotating speeds,but leads to increasing output voltage when the magnets on the piezo-cantilever are fixed.The peak voltages of GPG with 2,4,8,and 12 rotating magnets are 13.2,16.6,23.8,and 27.8Vrespectively at the rotating speed of 1 042.5r/min.The optimal speeds decrease and the responding voltage rises with an increasing number of magnets fixed on the piezo-cantilever when the number of rotating magnets is constant.In the case of two rotating magnets,the 9th optimal rotating speeds and the peak voltages of the GPG with 1,3,5,and 7magnets fixed on the piezo-cantilever are 1 056.4,861.8,750.6,and 611.6r/min and 13.2,34.4,48,and 64 V,respectively.Moreover,the generated energy in terms of the voltage and wave number produced by one excitation depends on the magnets′rotating speed.The wave number generated at the lower rotating speed(264.1r/min)and higher rotating speed(1 024.5r/min)is 1and 4,respectively.