麦棉套作模式下播量对小麦边行优势与产量的影响

Effect of Sowing Rate on Marginal Superiority and Yield of Wheat in Wheat-cotton Intercropping System

在麦棉套作模式下,设置了187.5 kg/hm^2、225.0 kg/hm^2、262.5 kg/hm^2、300.0 kg/hm^2、337.5 kg/hm^2、375.0 kg/hm^26个小麦播量处理,研究了不同播量对小麦边行优势与产量的影响。结果表明,播量对内行小麦的影响大于边行,随着播种量的增加,穗数的边行优势总体降低,边行与内行差值由90万穗/hm2（播量187.5 kg/hm2）降至78.0万穗/hm2（播量375.0 kg/hm^2）;穗粒数边行优势总体先增后减,播量300.0 kg/hm2处理边行与内行穗粒数差值最高（4.6粒）;千粒质量与产量边行优势总体逐渐增加,播量337.5 kg/hm2处理边行与内行千粒质量差异最高（3.9 g）,产量边行与内行差值以播量375.0 kg/hm^2处理最高,为3 136.5 kg/hm^2;播量对套作小麦产量三因素影响的大小依次为穗数、穗粒数、千粒质量,麦棉套作小麦适宜播种量在225.0~262.0 kg/hm^2。

Six sowing rates were designed which were 187.5 kg/ha,225.0 kg/ha,262.5 kg/ha, 300.0 kg/ha,337.5 kg/ha and 375.0 kg/ha respectively, and the effect of sowing rate on marginal superiority and yield of wheat was studied in wheat-cotton intercropping system. The results showed that sowing rate had much more effect on inner line than side line, and with the increment of sowing rate, the marginal su- periority of the panicle number decreased, the difference value of side line and inner line for panicle number decreased from 900 thousands per hectare（ sowing rate of 187.5 kg/ha）to 780 thousands per hec- tare（sowing rate of 375.0 kg/ha） ;the marginal superiority of grains per ear increased first and then de- creased, the highest difference value of side line and inner line for grains per ear was 4.6 grains （ sowing rate of 300.0 kg/ha） ;the marginal superiority of thousand-grain weight and yield increased, the highest difference value of side line and inner line for thousand-grain was 3.9 g（ sowing rate of 337.5 kg/ha） , and which for yield was 3 136.5 kg/ha（ sowing rate 337.5 of kg/ha）. The influence order by sowing rate was panicle number, grains per ear and thousand-grain weight. The appropriate sowing rate for wheat-cot- ton system was from 225.0 kg/ha to 262.0 kg/ha.