中国冬油菜品系主要性状主成分分析及育种策略初探

Principal Components Analysis of Main Traits for Chinese Winter Rapaseed Lines and Discussion of Rapaseed Breeding Strategies

以2004—2010年参加国家冬油菜新品种区域试验的所有品系为材料,分全国范围及不同区域环境对其主要品质性状、产量性状、抗逆性状进行了详细的主成分分析。结果表明,油菜主要性状主成分分析结果在不同区域环境间差异明显,其中抗逆性状差异最大,其次是产量性状,品质性状差异相对较小;同时,各个区域环境下获得的油菜主成分分析结果与全国范围的分析结果间也存在一定差异。可见,全国范围内油菜主要性状的主成分分析结果对指导不同区域环境下油菜育种价值有限甚至会产生较大偏差,而多种区域环境下油菜主要性状的主成分分析结果对不同区域油菜育种水平和效率的提升甚为关键。此外对不同环境下油菜育种策略的选择进行了初步探讨。

With the winter rapaseed lines that took part in the national regional trials test of winter rapa- seed during 2004--2010 as material,the detail principal components analysis was carried out for quality traits, yield traits and resistance traits from the whole country and the different region. The great difference was found for the main traits among the different regions, of which the greatest difference was found for re- sistance, the next were yield traits and quality traits. Some difference was also found between the principal components analysis of every region and that of the whole country. So,this research suggested that the re- sult of principal components analysis based on the whole country had the limited value or even resulted in the great deviation for the direction of rapeseed breeding, and it was very important for improving breeding efficient and level that carrying out principal components analysis for the different environments. The breeding strategies for the different environments were also disseussed in this research.