金纹细蛾及其寄生蜂种群动态的模糊聚类分析

Fuzzy Cluster Analysis of Lithocolletis ringoniella Matsumura and Its Parasitic Wasps in Apple Orchard

金纹细蛾(Lithocolletis ringoniella Matsumura)是我国苹果产区的重要潜叶害虫,为了利用寄生蜂开展苹果园金纹细蛾的生物防治,调查了金纹细蛾及其寄生蜂发生的种群动态,并对两者种群动态进行了模糊聚类分析。结果表明:金纹细蛾对苹果的危害时间较长,始发生于6月初,并持续危害到10月底;7月中旬至9月中旬是金纹细蛾发生高峰期,存在明显的世代重叠现象。寄生蜂始发期晚于金纹细蛾,7月和8月是寄生蜂的发生高峰期。10月后金纹细蛾幼虫和寄生蜂的发生量均逐渐下降。金纹细蛾种群的22次调查结果可以聚为6类,λ=0.968;其寄生蜂的调查结果聚为4类,λ=0.982。聚类结果表明了苹果园中金纹细蛾及其寄生蜂种群动态随季节变化的差异,同时反映了金纹细蛾的种群消长与其寄生蜂的数量密切相关,寄生蜂是抑制苹果园金纹细蛾种群增长的主要因素之一。

Lithoeolletis ringoniella Matsumura is one of the important leaf miners in apple production areas in China. In order to utilize parasitic enemy resources for L. ringoniella control, based on the principles of ecology and by the method of fuzzy clustering, this research studied the population dynamics of L. ringoniella and its parasitic wasps in an apple orchard. The time of L. ringoniella destroying apple was very long, starting in early of June, and sustaining harm in end of October. During middle of July to middle of September,damage of L. ringoniella was the most serious and generation overlapping was obvious. Ini- tial period of parasitic wasp was later than that of L. ringoniella. The number of parasitic wasp was large in July and August. After October,the number of L. ringonieUa larve and parasitic wasp gradually declined. 22 investigations were conducted on the population dynamics of L. ringoniella and its parasitic wasps in Yan＇ an,Shaanxi province. The 22 investigation results on population of L. ringoniella could be clustered into six clusters （λ = 0. 968）. The investigation results on population of parasitic wasp could be clustered into four clusters （λ = 0. 982）. The results of fuzzy cluster analysis reflected the seasonal differences of the population of L. ringonieUa and its parasitic wasps in Chinese apple orchard, and a following phenome- non shown in the occurrence period and density of L. ringoniella and its parasitic wasps. Parasitic wasps were one of the main factors suppressing population growth of L. ringoniella in the apple orchard.