宋初百年选仕政策与文人干谒现象研究

A Study of the Official Selection and GANYE in the First Hundred Years of the Song Dynasty

北宋崇文抑武,实行士大夫治国的国策,特重选仕,一方面扩大科举取士规模,规范科考制度,另一方面官吏铨选制度也日益严密。在北宋特别是宋初百年间,制举、铨选等选仕制度都涉及到不同程度的荐举行为,从而产生了形形色色的干谒现象。干谒行为固然有其合情理处,但也导致了不少舞弊贿赂、恩出私门的现象。太祖、太宗、真宗、仁宗等帝王采取了一系列措施抑制奔竞之风,奠定了宋初选仕制度的基础,对后世影响深远。

In the Northern Song Dynasty , the civilian officials had higher status than the military officers in government , and took the civilian polity as its fundamental policy , w hich attached great importance to the official selection . For one thing , the government expanded the scale of the imperial examination . For another , the official selection system was increasingly tight . Especially among the early Song Dynasty , the imperial examination and the official selection system were related to the different recommendations , resulting in various ganye （seek an interview for some purpose ） phenomenon . ganye was certainly reasonable ,but it also led to a lot of fraud and bribery . The emperor Taizu , Taizong ,Zhenzong and Renzong adopted a series of measures to restrain the ill social ethos , w hich laid the foundation for the official selection system and had a profound influence on the later generations .