北京城市紫外辐射计算方法的研究

Calculation of ultraviolet radiation in Beijing City

基于大气层太阳辐射传输的基本理论,在考虑瑞利散射、气溶胶散射、臭氧吸收、二氧化氮吸收等因素和季节差异对紫外辐射影响的基础上,利用北京站2011年10:00-14:00各小时到达地表紫外线辐射观测数据,经过各项订正与综合处理,得出了北京市的紫外线辐射强度的计算公式,并利用2005-2010年数据对公式进行了检验.结果表明:影响紫外辐射最重要的因子依次为分子散射、臭氧和气溶胶.臭氧和气溶胶测量的误差不会导致紫外辐射计算数值出现较大偏差.分季节回归订正可明显降低误差.订正后得到的公式,平均相对误差为11.15%,相关系数为0.948 5,符合指数为0.972 6,准确率高,稳定性好.

Based on the theory of solar radiation transmission in atmosphere,we considered the basis of the Rayleigh scattering,aerosol attenuation,nitrogen dioxide absorption,ozone absorption and other factors,combined with an observation of the ultraviolet radiation data of Beijing in the year 2011 from 10：00 to 14：00 everyday,and established the calculation formula of its ultraviolet radiation intensity after various revisions and comprehensive treatments.Finally the formula was validated with the UV observed data from 2005 to 2010.In establishing the model it was found that the most important factors that had affected UV radiation were in an order of molecular scattering,ozone and aerosols ozone and that aerosol measurements of ultraviolet radiation calculation did not lead to a larger deviation value.Regression corrections by seasons could significantly reduce average errors.After the validation,the revised formula had high accuracy and good stability with a relative error of 11.15%and a correlation coefficient of 0.948 5,with the index of coincidence being 0.972 6.