20世纪80年代叙事学研究的回顾与反思

A Review and Reflection of Chinese Narratology Research in 1980s

20世纪80年代中期以后,国内的叙事学研究逐渐兴盛,主要是翻译、介绍和运用。就总体情况看,存在不少问题,包括翻译不够全面,和西方叙事学界交流不够,猎奇和盲从心态盛行,理论拓展缺乏,对创作现象的关注和总结不够,研究凭一时兴趣,等等。但同时它的历史贡献也不容抹煞:一是开阔了学术界的视野,作为一种研究方法,它带来了新的学术生长点;二是使作家有意识地重视创作技巧,更新小说观念,并催生了中国的先锋派小说;三是激活了中国历史悠久的叙事批评,学界开始采用叙事学方法来研究古典小说,对独具民族特色的小说"评点"给予关注。这些问题和贡献,都给我们以启示:对西方的理论,我们要"跳进去"再"跳出来",立足中国的土壤,发挥中国学术期刊的力量,并持之以恒,让西方理论真正为中国所用。

Since the mid-1980s, the research of domestic narratology has gradually gained its popularity, mainly in the fields of translation, introduction and application. On the whole, there still exists many problems including incomplete translation, inadequate communication with Western narratological community, prevailing novelty-seeking and blindly-following, the lack of theoretical expansion, the insufficient attention and summary related to creative phenomena, and temporary interest in research, etc. On the other hand, domestic narratology contributes a lot. Firstly, as a research method, it broadens the academic community＇s horizon and brings about a new academic growing point. Secondly, it makes writers consciously focus on craftsmanship and update ideas of novel, and encourages the emergence of Chinese avant-garde novels. Thirdly, it activates China＇s long-history narratological criticism. The academic community begins to employ narratological methods to study classical novels and pay attention to novel ＂interlinear notes＂ that is typical of unique national characteristics. The problems and contributions give us inspiration： With respect to Western theories, we should ＂jump in＂ and then ＂jump out＂, and be based on Chinese native-soil. Meanwhile, we should develop Chinese academic journals and continue to get Western theories to be employed in China.