风柴储生物质独立微网系统的优化控制

Optimal Control of Wind/Biomass/Diesel/Battery Stand-alone Microgrid System

生物质资源是广泛存在且可存储的绿色可再生能源,但生物质发电技术在偏远地区的独立微网系统中应用较少。该文围绕风柴储生物质独立微网系统,基于各分布式电源运行特性,提出一种包含正常运行时的经济运行调度和大扰动时的紧急功率控制的双模式优化控制方案。柴油发电机组运行于发电效率较高的基点运行功率附近,吸收净负荷的瞬时波动,并提供系统运行备用容量;生物质发电系统视净负荷的波动出力,和风电实现有效的合作发电,提高可再生能源渗透率;提出一种新的电池储能系统控制方法,优先紧急功率控制,削峰填谷次之,减小储能容量配置需求,优化运行工况。针对某偏远社区的独立微网系统,从基于准稳态的系统运行经济性和典型运行场景下的暂态稳定性两个层面进行仿真研究,结果验证了方法的有效性。

Biomass is a ubiquitous green renewable resource with good storability,however,biomass power generation（BPG） is seldom used in remote stand-alone microgrid（SAMG） systems. According to the operating characteristics of distributed generators,a novel double-mode optimal coordinated control approach for wind/biomass/diesel/ battery SAMG was proposed in this paper. The control scheme consists of two modes： the economic optimization dispatch strategy at normal operation mode and the emergency power control strategy at large disturbance mode. The diesel operating point was set to match the instantaneous net load around the set-point power with high fuel efficiency,and to provide the system operating reserve capacity. Output power of BPG was depended on the net load to achieve the effectively combined power generation with wind turbine generators,and thus to obtain the high penetration of renewable resources. A novel control method for battery energy storage system（BESS） was also presented,which gives priority to emergency power control,to optimize the BESS capacity size and operation conditions. For a remote SAMG,the simulation studies on both the lifecycle energy dispatch strategies and the transient stability analysis under typical scenarios are carried out to demonstrate the performance of the proposed methods.