激光干涉法冲击绝对校准的研究

Investigation of Shock Calibration Using Laser Interferometry

基于ISO16063—13冲击绝对法校准标准，介绍了基于砧体碰撞的低g值和基于Hopkinson杆的高g值冲击激励机械系统的特点，并模拟了2套系统产生的冲击波形，通过解调零差和外差激光干涉仪的输出信号重构了机械激励系统产生的随时间变化的位移信号，信号处理算法有效地抑制了确定和随机噪声，从而准确地确定了加速度信号的峰值与频谱，仿真、实验以及与绝对法振动校准比较的结果表明，其测量扩展不确定度小于l％（k=2）。

The primary shock calibration method using laser interferometry is presented, the method is based on the standard of ISO 16063-13. The characteristics of two typical shock exciters are introduced, including generated shock waveform. After digitizing of the phase-modulated signals at the output of a homodyne or heterodyne interferometer, the time-dependent displacement is reconstructed on the basis of the principle coherent demodulation. The data processing steps can efficiently suppress deterministic and stochastic disturbing quantities. Computer simulations and experimental investigations proved that the peak value and the spectral components of shock pulse can be measured with expanded uncertainties of less than 1% （ k = 2）.