两种水生园艺作物对铝胁迫的生理响应

The Growth and Physiological Characteristics Response of Two Aquatic Horticultural Seedlings to Treatments with Aluminum

为了研究豆瓣菜、大聚藻2种水生园艺作物响应铝胁迫的机制及耐铝能力,通过盆栽试验,研究了不同浓度铝处理(0,300,600,900,1 200 mg/kg)对豆瓣菜、大聚藻生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,Al3+为300 mg/kg处理下,豆瓣菜根长、地下部干质量均达最大峰值,大聚藻根长及地上部干质量与对照差异不显著;梯度铝处理下,豆瓣菜地上部分干质量、根系活力呈下降趋势,大聚藻铝处理则各组差异不显著。对生理指标的进一步研究发现,随土壤Al3+浓度的增加,豆瓣菜膜脂伤害指标丙二醛(MDA)含量呈升高趋势,可溶性蛋白含量(Pr)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均呈先升后降的趋势,脯氨酸(Pro)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均呈降低趋势。大聚藻除Pr含量呈升高趋势,SOD含量呈先升后降趋势外,其他指标与豆瓣菜各生理指标变化趋势相似。综合各指标可知,低浓度的Al3+(300 mg/kg)处理下,豆瓣菜生长指标所受促进作用较大聚藻明显,随Al3+浓度的升高,铝对豆瓣菜根长、干质量、叶绿素含量的促进作用逐渐消失,抑制作用较大聚藻也更明显,即豆瓣菜较大聚藻表现出对铝的敏感性。铝胁迫下,二者生理变化有所差异,但从生长指标上看都表现出对铝胁迫较好的耐受性。

Our objective was to explore the effects of continued Al stress on growth and physiological characteristics of Nasturtium officinale and Myriophyllum aquaticum seedlings. Nasturtium officinale and Myriophyllum aquaticum seedlings were treated with continued Al2（ SO4）3·18H2O（ 0,300,600,900,1 200 mg / kg） in plastic pots with soil. We studied the effects of continued Al stress on growth and physiological characteristics after 30 days. The results showed that with Al3 ＋treatment under 300 mg / kg,the Nasturtium officinale root length,root biomass,chlorophyll content reached the maximum peak,while the growth of Myriophyllum aquaticum was almost not affected by Al. Further study on physiological index found that with the increase of soil aluminum concentration,Nasturtium officinale membrane damage of malondialdehyde（ MDA） content increased; relating the index of tolerance,with the soil aluminum concentration increasing,ascorbate peroxidase（ APX） activity increased,soluble protein content（ Pr）,peroxidase（ POD） activity,catalase（ CAT） activity were increased first and then decreased; proline（ Pro） content,superoxide dismutase（ SOD） activity decreased. With the increase of soil aluminum concentration,Myriophyllum aquaticum Pr content tended to increase,SOD content increased first and then decreased,the other trend physiological characteristics were similar with Nasturtium officinale. The index showed,Nasturtium officinale was more sensitive to Al than Myriophyllum aquaticum. So there was some difference between Nasturtium officinale and Myriophyllum aquaticum when response to Al stress,but they have shown good growth characteristics,they have shown for aluminum stress better tolerated.