水稻主要病虫害防控减化技术应用与效益评价

The Application and Benefit Evaluation of Prevention and Control Reduction Technology for Rice Diseases and Insect Pests

为了有效地控制水稻病虫害的发生和危害，降低化学农药使用量，提高防治效益，保障稻米品质安全，通过采用重大病虫监测，运用高效、低毒农药和“一喷多防”、“一药多用”、“治前控后“技术措施，在早稻、连作晚稻、单季稻对稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟、水稻螟虫、纹枯病等4种病虫防控减化技术的应用进行研究，结果表明，早稻、连作晚稻和单季稻的防控减化技术区能有效地控制稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟、水稻螟虫、纹枯病，农药品种数量减少7种，防治次数减少1~3次，农药折纯使用量减少46．10％---93．84％，产量增加2．23％--8．81％，经济效益明显。开展水稻主要病虫害防控减化技术应用，是实现了对水稻重大病虫害有效控制。

In order to control rice diseases occurrence and insect damage effectively, reduce chemical pesticide use, increase control benefit and guarantee rice quality and safety, we adopted major rice diseases and insect pests monitoring, used high efficiency and low toxicity pesticides, and technical measures as ＂one spray multiple prevention＂, ＂one drug multi-purpose＂, ＂treatment before control after＂. Application research of prevention and control reduction technology was conducted on rice planthopper, rice leaf roller, snout moth insect, sheath blight and so on. The results indicated that the early rice, late rice and single cropping rice regions which using prevention and control reduction technology could make effective control of rice planthopper, rice leaf roller, snout moth insect and sheath blight. These regions could also reduce seven kinds of pesticides, reduce spraying pesticide up to 3 times, decrease pesticide＇s pure usage in the range of 46.10% to 93.84%, and increase production from 2.23% to 8.81%, and the economic benefits increased significantly. Therefore, the application of prevention and control reduction technology could effectively control major rice diseases and insect pests.