近地快速交会调相策略设计与任务分析

Analysis and design of phasing strategy for near-earth short rendezvous mission

基于我国2天交会对接方案,通过合理减少定轨、变轨参数计算与指令上传及不可测控区域占用的飞行圈次,建立了5圈快速交会对接的调相变轨方案,采用四脉冲修正特殊点变轨算法进行求解。给出了满足调相段终端控制精度所需要的定轨精度,分析了追踪航天器入轨精度、追踪航天器入轨远地点高度、目标轨道高度、调相段终端瞄准点等参数对最优初始相位角范围的影响规律。简要分析了为获得需要的初始相位角,目标航天器的调相策略及追踪航天器可能的发射机会。

Based on the two-day profile of Chinese rendezvous and docking mission, a 5 - revolution short-rendezvous phasing strategy was proposed by cutting down the flight duration for orbit determination, computation of maneuver parameters and command uploading, and non-visible course of flight. This phasing strategy was solved by using the algorithm of four-impulse modified special-point maneuver. The required precision of orbit determination to meet the control precision at the end of phasing was obtained. Then, the optimal phase range and total velocity increment were analyzed. Further results show that the optimal phase range is affected by the target spacecraft＇ s orbit injection accuracy, the chaser＇ s orbit insert precision and apogee height, the target orbital altitude and the final desired target point of rendezvous phasing. Finally, in order to obtain the starting phase angle, both the target spacecraft＇ s phasing strategy and the chaser＇ s launch chances are analyzed for the short rendezvous mission.