土壤砷的形态与粮食作物品质安全相关性研究

Studies on Correlation Between Arsenic Forms in Soil and Safety of Crop Quality

为了探讨土壤各种形态砷与农作物籽粒中砷积累的相互关系,为安全利用受污染农田,减少砷向食物链的转运,以及当地粮食安全生产提供科学依据,测定了土壤中砷的全量、有效态和碳酸盐态含量,并对对应点位小麦、玉米籽粒中砷的含量进行分析比较。研究表明:调查区域内土壤中砷的各种形态取值范围变化较大,外源污染干扰明显。中度污染、重度污染点位处的小麦超标,玉米籽粒对砷的积累均低于小麦。小麦籽粒中砷积累明显强于玉米籽粒,小麦籽粒中砷含量与土壤中砷全量、碳酸盐态、有效态均呈现极相关;而玉米籽粒中砷与土壤砷各形态之间相关性不大。这与小麦、玉米的生长周期和生理特性有关。

In order to investigate the relationship between the arsenic forms in soil and arsenic accumulation ingrains, provide scientific basis for the safe use of the contaminated farmland, reducing arsenic transport to thefood chain and the safety production of grain, the author measured the total, available and carbonate-boundarsenic content in soil and analyzed the arsenic content in wheat and maize grain in the corresponding points.The results showed that the arsenic content of different forms in soil varied significantly, which was induced byexogenous pollution. Arsenic content in wheat collected from moderately and severely polluted points exceededthe national standards, the accumulation of arsenic in maize grain was lower than that in wheat. Arsenicaccumulation in wheat grains was stronger than that in maize grains. Arsenic content in wheat grain wasobviously correlated to the contents of all arsenic forms in soil. However, arsenic value in maize was slightlycorrelated to different forms of arsenic in soil. The difference was related to the growth cycle and physiologicalcharacteristics of wheat and maize.