土壤有效含水量的经验估算模型──以黑土为例

An Experience Estimation Model of Soil Available Water-holding Capacity:A Case Study of Black Soil

土壤有效含水量（AWC）是评价土壤生产力的重要指标,在农业生产实践中具有重要意义,但不同土壤类型的AWC值在当前的土壤数据库中不可获得。以高生产力土壤黑土为例,通过测定不同地形部位黑土的有效含水量,分析了有效含水量的空间分布特征,建立利用土壤理化性质估算黑土有效含水量的经验模型。结果表明：（1）研究区黑土AWC（体积）变化在10.62%-30.98%间,平均20.06%,坡中位置土壤剖面的AWC值显著低于其余剖面;（2）黑土AWC与土壤砂粒含量有负相关性,与土壤容重、土壤粉（砂）粒含量、黏粒含量以及土壤有机质含量间有正相关性,其中与土壤容重的相关性最为显著;（3）基于统计方法建立了利用常规土壤理化性质计算AWC的线性回归式和非线性回归式,对这2个回归式的检验结果表明,利用土壤理化性质估算的AWC与实测结果无显著差异。经验证,本研究构建的经验模型可用于黑土AWC值的估算,从而为其他土壤类型AWC值的研究提供了方法参考。

Soil available water-holding capacity（AWC） is a key index for soil productivity assessment andplays an important role in agricultural production, while AWC values of different soil types were not availablein current soil database. The author took black soil as an example, measured AWC of different positions,analyzed the characteristics of spatial distribution of AWC and built the empirical model of AWC related to soilphysicochemical properties. The results showed that：（1） the AWC of the research area varied from 10.62% to30.98%, with an average value of 20.06%, and AWC in the middle slope was significantly lower than that inother landform positions;（2） there was a negative correlation between AWC and sand content, whereas there was an significantly positive correlation between AWC and soil bulk density, powder（sand） content, claycontent and organic matter content, and AWC and soil bulk density had the most significant correlation;（3） theinspection results of 2 pedotransfer functions for estimating AWC based on mathematical statistics analysisshowed that there was no significant difference between measured AWC and calculated AWC. This study couldprovide an AWC estimation equation for black soil and a reference method for AWC estimation of other soiltypes.