海外铁路票务系统票制的研究

Study on overseas railway ticket System

在海外铁路项目中,售检票系统由于与后期运营维护管理模式、旅客体验和成本关系密切,用户十分关注,系统方案常常成为设计和实施中的核心问题。由于与运营维护管理体制密切相关,且本地应用环境与中国存在较大差异,国内成熟的售检票系统不能简单照搬到海外使用,这就需要在技术上结合项目特点和实际需求进行适应性研究和创新,满足当地实际情况。这其中,票制又是铁路售检票系统的核心和关键所在,直接影响系统方案。文章对适用于铁路售检票系统的各种票制,包括一维条形码纸票、二维条形码纸票、磁介质票和IC卡票制等进行了逐一分析和研究,指出其相应的性能和特点,以及应用于铁路中的各种利弊。最后从海外项目特点出发,给出了海外铁路票制种类选择方面需要考虑的因素和系统设计原则,为海外铁路售检票系统的设计和应用开发提供参考。

In overseas railway project, ticketing system is closely related to multitudes of factors such as operation, main-tenance and administration modes, passenger experience and cost, quite concerned by the end user and a system solu-tion is often the core in the project’s design and implementation. Yet, ticketing system in each of their application envi-ronments are significantly different from that in China, because it is tightly interrelated to the localized modes of opera-tion, maintenance and administration, the domestic mature ticketing system hence cannot simply be duplicated to over-seas use-cases without necessary adaptability study and innovations that meet the specific needs of each overseas project. In particular, the ticket system, as the core of railway ticketing systems, often directly influences the system solutions. In this paper, analysis and research on all kinds of ticket systems, including one-dimensional barcode ＆QR code pa-per tickets, magnetic ticket and IC card ticket are performed, the unique properties and characteristics of each system, as well as their pros and cons applied in railway are pointed out. Combined with the characteristics of overseas projects, the factors and system design principles necessary to be considered in selection of ticket system type in overseas railway projects are presented, providing a reference to the design, application and development of oversea ticketing systems.