短暂性脑缺血发作患者颅内外动脉狭窄分布特征的分析

Intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis distribution analysis in patients with transient ischemic attack

目的探讨短暂性脑缺血发作患者颅内外动脉狭窄的分布特征。方法选择短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者共124例,检测颅内外动脉狭窄程度与分布,随访患者的短期预后结果,根据患者预后分为稳定组51例、频发组59例,脑梗死组14例,分析评价颅内外动脉狭窄与预后的关联。结果 124例TIA患者中发现颅内外动脉异常者89例(71.77%),未发现异常者35例(28.23%)。脑梗死组3级、4级狭窄的患者比率显著高于稳定组和频发组。频发组与脑梗死组在大脑中动脉、椎动脉颅外段狭窄的比率显著高于稳定组。稳定组在颈总动脉、椎动脉颅内段狭窄的比率显著高于频发组和脑梗死组。结论 TIA患者的预后与颅内外动脉的狭窄程度密切相关,应准确评价患者颅内外动脉狭窄的分布情况与狭窄程度,从而指导临床治疗。

Objective To investigate the distribution of intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis in patients with transient ischemic attack（ TIA）. Methods A total of 124 patients with TIA were collected,the distribution and degree of intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis were detected. Short- term prognosis of the patients was followed- up and according to the prognosis of patients,they were divided into a stable group（ 51 cases）,frequent attack group（ 59 cases） and cerebral infarction group（ 14 cases）. The association between arterial stenosis and the prognosis of patients was analyzed and evaluated. Results Of 124 TIA patients,intracranial and extracranial arterial abnormalities were found in89 patients（ 71. 77%）. The proportion of stenosis grade 3 and 4 in cerebral infarction group was significantly higher than stable group and frequent attack group. The proportion of stenosis of middle cerebral artery and extracranial vertebral artery in frequent attack group and cerebral infarction group was significantly higher than stable group. The proportion of stenosis of common carotid artery and intracranial vertebral artery in stable group was significantly higher than cerebral infarction group and frequent attack group. Conclusion Prognosis of TIA patients is closely associated with the degree of intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis. The distribution and degree of intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis should be accurately evaluated in order to guide the treatment in TIA patients.