共情护理对糖尿病患者的应用效果

Role of empathic care in improvement of thenegative emotions andquality of life in diabetic patients

目的由于糖尿病是一种终身疾病,患者在治疗过程中负性情绪显著、生活质量较低,哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院就此提出共情护理模式,并主要从糖尿病患者的负性情绪和生活治疗方面评估其应用效果。方法此次研究的100例患者根据随机数字表法随机分为试验组和常规组,每组50例。试验组在常规护理方法的基础上增加共情护理,常规组则采用常规方法进行护理。观察患者接受治疗前和出院前7 d负性情绪及生活质量变化,负性情绪通过焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行调查评定,生活质量评分采用DMQLS-2型糖尿病患者生活质量量表。结果根据统计的数据显示,两组患者在进行护理干预前,SAS、SDS评分差异无统计学意义,但在护理干预后,试验组患者的SAS评分(34.74±9.13)比常规组(38.42±10.23)低,且SDS评分(32.14±10.32)也低于常规组(42.87±11.86,P<0.05),生活质量评分中,试验组患者心理维度(44.63±12.13),社会维度(43.31±12.01),满意度(39.57±8.03)以及DMQLS总分(225.87±17.73)比常规组低(心理维度:53.87±6.89,社会维度:48.16±9.44,满意度:46.42±9.01,DMQLS总分:251.54±28.31),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论共情护理对糖尿病患者的负性情绪具有缓解和治疗功能,能够在一定程度上提高患者的生活质量。

Objective To put forward theempathic care mode and study its role in the improvement of the negative emo- tions and quality of life in diabetic patients. Methods A total of I00 cases of hospital diabetic patients were randomly di- vided into experimental group and conventional group with 50 cases in each group. The conventional group received the conventional nursing care,while the experimental group received additional empathy nursing care on the basis of conven- tional methods. The negative emotions and changes in quality of life before thetreatment and 7 days before the discharge were compared between the two groups. The negative emotions were measured anxiety self-assesssheet（SAS） and self-rat- ing depression scale （ SDS）, and the quality of life measured by QOL scale for diabetes mellitus （DMQLS）. Results SAS and SDS scores between the two groups were not statistically different before the nursing intervention. After the nursing in- tervention, the SAS and SDS in the experimental group were （34. 74 ＋ 9. 13 ） and（32. 14 ＋ 10. 32 ）, which were lower than （ 38. 42 ~ 10. 23 ） and （42. 87 ~ 11.86） in the conventional group, respectively （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. For quality of life score, the psychological dimension （44. 63±12. 13 ）, social dimension （43.31 ± 12. 01 ）, satisfaction degree （39. 57 ±.03 ） and DMQLS score（225.87 ± 17.73 ） in the experimental group were lower than 53. 87 ± 6. 89,48. 16 ± 9.44,46. 42± 9. 01 and 251.54 ± 28. 31 in the conventional group, respectively, the differences was significant（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The empathic care for patients with diabetes have negative emotions mitigation and treatment capabilities, and can improve the quality of life of patients to some extent.