马斯洛需要层次理论对高校思想政治教育的启示

Enlightenment to College Ideological and Political Education by Maslow's Hierarchical Needs Theory

马斯洛需要层次理论以人本主义与自我价值为理论根基,构建了以五层次需要为基本内容的人类基本需要系统,并在此基础上阐释了人类成长与需要之间不间断、波浪式发展的辩证关系,动摇了行为主义推崇的"教师中心"理论的教学观,成为当下教育改革的核心理念。该理论为高校思想政治教育改革提供了有益的启示:要始终以学生为中心,努力帮助每个学生自我实现;因时因人而教,实现思想政治教育的阶段化与个性化;加强校园管理,满足学生的基本需要。

Maslow＇s Hierarchical Needs Theory takes theory of humamsm and selI-worth as itstheoretical foundation, thus constructing the basic human needs system with five levels of need as thebasic content. On this basis, it explains the continuous and wavy-developed dialectical relation be-tween human growth and their needs, and shakes the teaching concept of ＂teacher-centered＂ theorywhich is highly phrased by behaviorism. As a result, Maslow＇s Hierarchical Needs Theory becomesthe core concept of the current education reform. This theory provides useful inspirations to collegeideological and political education reform, that is： always centering on students, and helping them toachieve self-actualization; teaching students in accordance with different aptitudes and time to realizeideological and political education stage and personalization and strengthening the management of cam-pus as well as satisfying students＂ basic needs.