表面引发原子转移自由基聚合法合成无机/有机核壳复合纳米粒子

Inorganic/Organic Core-Shell Composite Nanoparticles by Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)是目前为止最具工业化应用前景的活性/可控自由基聚合方法之一,其最大特点是可以得到分子量分布窄、链结构规整的聚合物,而且可聚合的单体种类多,反应条件温和并易控制。表面引发ATRP(SI-ATRP)特别适合于无机材料表面接枝聚合物或无机/有机复合材料的制备,近年来引起了国内外研究者的高度关注。本文首先对SI-ATRP的反应过程与特点做了阐述,然后重点述评了用SI-ATRP法合成以非金属氧化物纳米粒子、金属氧化物纳米粒子、金属纳米粒子或其他无机纳米粒子为核的无机/有机复合纳米粒子的研究进展,最后对未来用SI-ATRP法合成无机/有机复合纳米粒子的发展方向和研究前景进行展望。

Atom transfer radical polymerization（ ATRP） is by far one of the most promising living/controlled radical polymerization methods in industrial application. It is able to get the polymers w ith narrow molecular w eight distribution and regular chain structure. Furthermore,many kinds of monomers can be polymerized by ATRP, and its reaction condition is mild and easy to control. Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization（ SI-ATRP） is a good method for grafting the polymers w ith regular structure on the surfaces of inorganic materials or synthesizing inorganic/organic composite materials. In recent years,SI-ATRP technique has attracted much attention from domestic and abroad researchers. In this paper,the reaction process and characteristics of SI-ATRP are elaborated,and then the progress in preparation of inorganic/organic core-shell structured composite nanoparticles based on non-metal oxide nanoparticles,metal oxide nanoparticles,metal nanoparticles,and other inorganic nanoparticle as core by SI-ATRP is highly review ed. Finally,the outlook on future development of SI-ATRP for synthesizing inorganic/organic composite nanoparticles is presented.