青年毛泽东的政治思维——先验形上本体与经验形下具体

On the Political Thinking Mode of Mao Zedong in his Youth Age

自早年在长沙求学,经杨昌济五年耳提面命,青年毛泽东接受了中国传统义理之学所倡扬的先验形上本体与经验形下具体相结合的政治思维模式。尽管青年毛泽东在经验形下具体的层面上重实践、重实用,但由于以"宇宙真理"为先验存在的形上本体,又以政治过程为对此真理的认识与实现,他混淆了谋求利益的政治过程与追求真理的认识过程,因而使得为其本人所主张并以"宇宙真理"自命的"大同圣域"政治理念,必然失去为民主政治所不可或缺的妥协性;使得民主政治领域中的人人平等关系,必然为认识领域中的"圣贤凡愚"关系所颠覆。

As a student of Yang Changji, young Mao Zedong accepted the political thinking mode to combine the transcendental metaphysical ontology and the experience physical specific from Chinese traditional argumentative philosophy. Although attaching importance to practice and pragmatic in the aspect of the experience physical specif- ic, because of taking ＂universal truth＂ as the transcendental metaphysical ontology, and taking the political process as the process to know and realize the ＂universal truth＂, he confused the political process for benefit and the cogni- tional process for truth. So it is inevitable for his ＂Datong world＂ political idea, as an ＂universal truth＂ , to lose the compromise that is an indispensable part of the political democracy ; and more, the equal relationship between man and man in the filed of democratic politics must be subverted by the unequal relationship between ＂wise man and fool man＂.