红壤坡地次降雨通用土壤侵蚀模型研究

Universal Soil Loss Equation under Different Single Rainfall Conditions in Red Soil Slope Fields

针对土壤侵蚀规律定量研究的经验模型通用性欠缺和机理性模型参数多且较为复杂的缺点,结合我国南方红壤区的降雨、土壤、地形等特征,探索建立一个结构简单、使用方便,同时具有一定通用性的红壤坡地次降雨通用土壤侵蚀模型。该模型包括地表径流系数、降雨侵蚀力、土壤可蚀性、地形和水土保持措施等五个因子,并给出了各因子的计算方法。利用在江西省水土保持生态科技园内的10组实测资料对模型进行验证,计算值与实测值平均相对误差21.67%。结果表明,本研究提出的次降雨通用土壤侵蚀模型是合理的,可为南方红壤地区土壤侵蚀预报与治理提供参考。

Aiming at the weak points of deficient in universality of empirical model and more and complicated parameters of mechanism model during the quantitative study on soil erosion law and combining with the characteristics of rainfall,soil and topography of red soil region in southern China,the paper explored to establish a Universal Soil Loss Equation under Different Single Rainfall Conditions with the features of simple structure,easy operation and having a certain universality in red soil slope lands. The model included five factors of surface runoff coefficient,rainfall erosivity,soil erodibility,topography and conservation measures and provided the calculating approach of each factor. It was validated by ten groups of observed data of Soil Conservation Ecological Science & Technology Demonstration Zone of Jiangxi Province and the average relative error of calculated value and observed value was 21. 67%. The outcomes show that the model is conceptually reasonable and can provide references for soil erosion forecasting and treatment of red soil region in southern China.