民法典编篡背景下财团抵押权制度之体系构建

On the Consortium Charge System Construction under the Civil Code Compiling

我国《物权法》第180条第1款规定了可设定抵押的财产范围,紧承第2款规定"抵押人可以将前款所列财产一并抵押",此处的"一并抵押"是共同抵押而非财团抵押。当前,民法典编篡议题讨论正酣,未来《民法典》中该如何设计财团抵押权制度,对该问题的思考实具重大理论及实践价值。我国未来《民法典》财团抵押权立法模式不宜采用单行法模式,而应采一般法模式;在具体内容设计上,应对财团抵押名称、财团类型、财团构成、财团抵押权设立登记、登记机关、变更登记、抵押人处分权限制等方面详细规定;另外,财团抵押权的制度设计还需充分考虑同不动产登记、公司担保、破产别除权等部门法律制度之间的衔接与配合。

The first paragraph of the 180 th article of China＇s ＂property law＂states the scope of mortgage setting property,and the second paragraph states that ＂All the properties listed in the previous paragraph may be mortgaged together by a mortgagor. ＂the mortgage here is a common mortgage instead of consortium charge. In the highlighting of civil code compiling,the issue of consortium charge rules has important theoretical and practical values. In the coming civil code,general legislation instead of individual mode should be adopted. As to the specific contents,the name of consortium charge,the types of property,the formation,the registration including the registration institutions,registration modification,the limitation of property disposal and etc. Besides,the relationship among the real estate registration,corporate security and bankruptcy exemption should also be reflected.