心力衰竭患者自我管理水平与生活质量的临床观察

Clinical observation on self management level and life quality of heart failure patients

目的观察心力衰竭患者的自我管理水平及其生活质量,为提高患者的生活质量提供参考依据。方法采用问卷调查法对120例心内科门诊和住院的心力衰竭患者的自我管理水平和生活质量状况进行调查,并将结果进行分析。结果 120例慢性心力衰竭患者总体自我管理得分为(50.51±9.02)分,其中药物管理为(14.22±4.29)分,饮食管理(9.98±3.11)分,心理和社会适应的管理为(13.75±3.96)分,症状管理为(13.94±3.76)分;高水平自我管理18例,中等水平48例,低水平54例。高水平自我管理慢性心力衰竭患者的生活质量、身体领域和情绪领域方面的得分最低,中等水平的次之,低水平的最高(P<0.01或0.05)。结论心力衰竭患者的自我管理处于中下水平,自我管理高水平患者的生活质量高,宜积极采取措施提高患者的自我管理水平。

Objective To observe self management level and life quality of heart failure patients so as to provide reference for the improvement of life quality of the patients. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted for 120 cases of heart failure patients in outpatient service and hospitalization in Department of Cardiology to investigate their self management level and life quality status. And the results were analyzed. Results The overall score of self management for 120 cases of chronic heart failure patients was（50.51±9.02） points, of which the score of drug management was（14.22±4.29） points, that of diet management was（9.98±3.11） points, that of psychological and social adaptation management was（13.75±3.96） points, and that of symptom management for（13.94±3.76）. There were 18 cases with high-level self management, 48 cases with middlelevel self management, and 54 cases with low-level self management. The chronic heart failure patients with high-level self management scored the lowest in terms of life quality, physical and emotional field, followed by those with middle-level self management, and those with low-level self management scored the highest（P〈0.01 or 0.05）. Conclusion Heart failure patients currently have a middle and low-level of self management. The patients with high-level self management had a high quality of life, so we shall take active measures to improve the self management level of patients.