我国食品安全监管多元主体合作治理模式研究——海峡两岸两起“塑化剂风波”案例对比分析

PROBE INTO THE COOPERATION AND GOVERNANCE MODE OF MULTI-SUBJECTS IN CHINA'S FOOD SAFETY SUPERVISION——A comparative analysis of the 2 cases of “Plasticizer Storm”on both sides of the Taiwan Strait

多元主体合作不足是当前我国食品安全监管的"痼疾",构建食品安全监管多元化主体的合作治理模式,是提高我国食品安全监管绩效的重要手段。以内容分析法,对海峡两岸两起"塑化剂风波"的98则新闻报道进行研究,结果发现:1两起风波中,政府、市场和第三方三类监管主体的监管表现不一。台湾塑化剂风波中,台湾地区的政府监管是"第一主体",第三方的力量也不容忽视,而市场的监管至为微弱。而在酒鬼酒塑化剂风波中,三类监管力量势均力敌,甚至第三方的监管力量还稍微领先。2媒体和公众对两起塑化剂风波中多元主体的合作监管绩效评价都不高。相对而言,台湾方面要稍胜一筹。3媒体和公众对影响合作监管绩效因素的认知较为相似。责任共担、信息公开、全程参与被认为是提升合作监管绩效的关键性因素,而对增加信任和地位平等的呼声不甚强烈。提出应充分发挥政府、市场和第三方在食品安全监管中的作用,实现优势互补;通过明晰多元监管主体间的责任,构建信息共享平台,鼓励依序全程参与,同时增加互信,争取较为对等的地位,进一步提升食品安全监管多元主体合作监管的绩效。

Lack of multi-subjects cooperation is a “chronic illness”in China’s current food safety supervision and building a cooperation and governance mode of multi-subjects in food safety supervision is an important means to improve the performance of China’s food safety supervision.By using the method of Content Analy-sis,the article studies the news of the 2 food safety events of “Plasticizer Storm”on both sides of the Taiwan Strait,and analyzes the news in ＆lt;Sina Finance ＆gt;that toxic substances had been found in Jiugui Liquor and the news in ＆lt;Sohu News ＆gt;that plasticizer had been added to food made in Taiwan.There were a total of 98 reports involving these two events.The study finds that the regulatory bodies ---government,market and third party,adopted different modes of cooperation in the two plasticizer events：in the plasticizer event of Taiwan, the mode of cooperation relationship is interactive;in the plasticizer event of Jiugui Liquo,the mode is comple-mentary.On the basis of the existing conceptual model,the paper proposes some relevant policy recommenda-tions on cooperation relationship model in order to provide a theoretical support for improving the performance of China’s food safety regulatory cooperation.