南方冰灾干扰后车八岭山地常绿阔叶林地被植物动态变化

The dynamics of different growth form ground vegetation following a natural disturbance

按生长型划分广东省车八岭国家级自然保护区山地常绿阔叶林地被植物,研究自然干扰后连续3a(2008—2010年)不同生长型地被植物的动态变化。结果表明:(1)自然干扰后地被植物优势种的变化不大;草本植物约占优势种的60%,藤本植物约占20%—30%,灌木约占10%—20%。(2)2008年各生长型地被植物的在样方中个体数分布较其它年份都更为分散且更多;2009和2010年各生长型地被植物的个体数分布模式更为相似,尤其是灌木。2008—2010年草本植物丰富度逐年增加;藤本植物逐年减少;灌木2009年最多,2008年次之,2010年最少。(3)多响应置换过程的结果显示各生长型地被植物3a间的组成和分布有极显著差异(P<0.0001);从各年度的两两比较看,各生长型地被植物组成和分布的年际差异显著程度逐渐降低:其中以草本植物的年间差异最大、年间变化的指示种最多;藤本植物居中;灌木的年间差异最小、年间变化指示种也最少。指示种分析与指示种在不同组分年份中的变化情况结合起来能筛选出指示作用更强的指示种。

To study the dynamics of different growth form ground vegetation following a natural disturbance, a 3-year investigation from 2008 to 2010 was undertaken in Chebaling montane evergreen broadleaved forest. The dominant ground vegetation change little following the disturbance. Herb, vine-liana and shrub roughly accounted for 60%, 20%--30% and 10%--20% respectively. Different growth form ground vegetation in 2008 was much more scattered and numerous. The distribution pattern of individuals in 2009 was much greater similarity to that in 2010. The richness of herb increased from 2008 to 2010, while vine-liana decreased. The richness of shrub in 2009 was highest, followed by 2008, the least was in 2010. The result of Multi-Response Permutation Procedures showed that the composition and distribution of different growth form ground vegetation has significant difference among the 3 years （P〈0.0001）. From pair-wise comparison, interannual differences in different growth form ground vegetation decreased with years. Herb has the largest interannual difference and the most indicator species, next came the vine-liana and shrub. The two statistical methods, indicator species analysis and the condition of indicator species in different years, are robust in demonstrating relations of different growth form ground vegetation distribution to restoration succession, and in identifying indicator species, which has significant implications for forest restoration.