晋南地区节日面食与历史传说考源——以煎馍、子福馍为例

Textual Research on Holiday Pasta and its Historical Legends in Southern Shanxi:Taking Fried Pancakes and Zifu Steamed Buns as the Cases

晋南地区曾是中华民族的发祥地之一。当地百姓在生活当中比较重视传统节日,每个节日都会制作不同的食品,这些食品承载着浓厚的民俗寓意。闻喜县有"正月二十三,摊煎馍搬枣山"的俗语,揭示了煎馍与女娲补天传说的关系。临猗、万荣等地有寒食送子物、子福等习俗,其俗与历史人物介子推相关。在调查当地的节日习俗中,把节日食品与方言民俗结合起来,并与历代历史文献相印证,探讨它们与历史传说间的关系,探寻与之相关的民俗演变轨迹,发掘这些节日食品中蕴含的民俗意义,将有益于民俗学、文化学、方言学的研究,也是非物质文化遗保护的要事之一。

Jinnan district is one of the cradles of Chinese nation. Local people there take traditional festivals so serious that they will make different foods for each festival, each of them carries the certain strong folk custom. For Example, the saying in Wenxi County goes, ＂On lunar January of xxiii, fried pancakes and steamed buns like date mountains should be made. ＂ It reveals the relationship between fried buns and the Legend of NvWa. On Hanshi Day,the customs in Linyi and Wanrong are to present steamed buns with child images,which are associated with the historical figures of Jie Zitui. In the survey of local festival customs, this paper explores the relationship between holiday pasta and historical legends tracking the evolution of them with ancient historical documents in order to excavate the food folklore for the further studies in culturology and dialectology which are beneficial for the intangible cultural heritage protection.